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Mary Surratt
Mary Elizabeth Jenkins Surratt〔Cashin, p. 287.〕〔Steers, 2010, p. 516.〕〔Larson, p. xi.〕 (1820 or May 1823 – July 7, 1865) was an American boarding house owner who was convicted of taking part in the conspiracy to assassinate President Abraham Lincoln. Sentenced to death, she was hanged, becoming the first woman executed by the United States federal government.〔Griffin, p. 152.〕〔Gillespie, p. 68.〕 Surratt was the mother of John H. Surratt, Jr., who was later tried but was not convicted of involvement in the assassination.〔
==Early life==
Mary Elizabeth Jenkins was born to Archibald and Elizabeth Anne (née Webster) Jenkins〔〔Trindal, p. 13.〕〔Larson, p. 11.〕 on a tobacco plantation near the southern Maryland town of Waterloo〔〔 (now known as Clinton).〔 Sources differ as to whether she was born in 1820〔〔Commire and Klezmer, p. 23.〕〔Sachsman, Rushing, and Morris, p. 264; MacHenry, p. 400.〕〔Van Doren and McHenry, p. 1010.〕〔"Surratt, Mary," in ''The New Encyclopaedia Britannica,'' p. 411.〕 or 1823.〔〔Griffin, p. 152.〕〔〔Buchanan, p. 60.〕〔Johnson, p. 96.〕〔Heidler, Heidler, and Coles, p. 1909.〕〔Phelps, p. 709.〕 There is uncertainty as to the month as well, although most sources say May.〔〔〔〔
She had two brothers, John Jenkins, born in 1822, and James Jenkins, born in 1825.〔〔 Her father died in the fall of 1825 when Mary was either two or five years old,〔〔〔 upon which Mary's mother inherited their property (originally part of the His Lordship's Kindness estate).〔Trindal, p. 14.〕 Although her father was a non-denominational Protestant and her mother Episcopalian,〔〔"Surratt, Mary E. Jenkins (1823–1865)" in ''Women in the American Civil War,'' p. 532.〕〔Leonard, p. 43.〕 Surratt was enrolled in a private Roman Catholic girls' boarding school, the Academy for Young Ladies in Alexandria, Virginia, on November 25, 1835.〔〔 Mary's maternal aunt, Sarah Latham Webster, was a Catholic, which may have influenced where she was sent to school.〔 Within two years, Mary converted to Roman Catholicism〔〔 and adopted the baptismal name of Maria Eugenia.〔〔Trindal, p. 17.〕 She stayed at the Academy for Young Ladies for four years,〔〔 leaving in 1839, when the school closed.〔〔 She remained a devout Catholic for the rest of her life.〔〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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